anesthesia

n. 麻醉, 麻木
【化】 麻醉; 失去知觉
【医】 感觉缺失, 麻木, 麻醉[法]

anesthesia 也作 an.aes.the.sia

n.（名词）
Total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensibility, induced by disease, injury, acupuncture, or an anesthetic, such as chloroform or nitrous oxide.
感觉缺失：感觉，尤其是知觉的全部或部分缺失，由疾病、受伤、针灸，或是麻醉药，如氯仿或含氮氧化物引起
Local or general insensibility to pain with or without the loss of consciousness, induced by an anesthetic.
麻木：局部或全身的痛觉缺失，知觉或有或无，由麻醉药引起

来源：
New Latin anaesthesia
现代拉丁语 anaesthesia
from Greek anaisthôsia [insensibility]
源自 希腊语 anaisthôsia [感觉缺失]
an- [without] * see a-
an- [无] *参见 a-
aisthôsis [feeling] from aisthanesthai [to feel] * see au-
aisthôsis [感觉] 源自 aisthanesthai [去感觉] *参见 au-

<注释>The following passage, written on November 2, 84', by Oliver Wendell Holmes,a physician-poet and the father of the Supreme Court justice of the same name,allows us to pinpoint the entry ofanesthesia and anesthetic into English: .Every body wants to have a hand in a great discovery. All I will do is to give you a hint or two as to names—or the name—to be applied to the state produced and the agent. The state should, I think, be called ‘Anaesthesia’ [from the Greek word anaisthôsia, .lack of sensation.]. This signifies insensibility . . . The adjective will be ‘Anaesthetic.’ Thus we might say the state of Anaesthesia, or the anaesthetic state..This citation is taken from a letter to William Thomas Green Morton,who in October of that year had successfully demonstrated the use of ether at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.Althoughanaesthesia is recorded in Nathan Bailey`s Universal Etymological English Dictionary in 72, it is clear that Holmes really was responsible for its entry into the language.TheOxford English Dictionary has several citations for anesthesia and anesthetic in 847 and 848, indicating that the words gained rapid acceptance.
下面是奥立佛·万德·霍姆斯写于84'年月2的一段话。作者是个诗人医生和与其同名的最高法庭法官的父亲。这段话能使我们断定anesthesia 和 anesthetic 进入英语的背景： .每个人都希望能够参与一次伟大的发现。我所要做的是告诉你一两个提示去命名，或能被应用于某种状态的名称。我认为这种状态应该被叫做Anaesthesia ［从希腊词anaisthesia .感觉缺失.发展而来］。 这个词表示无感觉…其形容词应该是‘Anaesthetic’。这样我们可以说感觉缺失的状态或感觉缺失.。这段话是从寄给威廉·托马斯·格林·莫顿的一封信上摘录下的，莫顿同年十月在波士顿的马萨诸塞总医院曾成功使用了醚。尽管南森·巴利于72年把anaethesia 选入了 通用英语词源词典 ， 但是很显然是霍姆斯首先把这个词引入英语。牛津英语词典 上有几处引用了847年和848年有 anesthesia 和 anesthetic 的句子， 说明这两个词很快就被人们所接受