challenge

n. 挑战, 盘问
vt. 向...挑战, 要求, 怀疑
vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议
【经】 挑战, 申请回避
相关词组:
beyond challenge
rise to the challenge

动词过去式:challenged 过去分词:challenged 现在分词:challenging 第三人称单数:challenges 形容词:challengeable 

chal.lenge

n.（名词）


A call to engage in a contest, fight, or competition:
挑战：提出挑战、竞赛或竞争：
例句：
a challenge to a duel.
挑战要求决斗

An act or statement of defiance; a call to confrontation:
对抗：反对的言论或举动；公然对抗：
例句：
a challenge to the government`s authority.
公然对抗政府权威

A demand for explanation or justification; a calling into question:
质疑：要求解释或证明为正当；质疑：
例句：
a challenge to a theory.
对一项理论质疑

A sentry`s call to an unknown party for proper identification.
口令，暗号：哨兵大声向一群不认识的人索要身份证明
A test of one`s abilities or resources in a demanding but stimulating undertaking:
挑战：在要求高但振奋人心的事业中对人的能力与才智的考验：
例句：
a career that offers a challenge.
大有作为的事业

A claim that a vote is invalid or that a voter is unqualified.
选举无效的声明：声称某一投票无效或某一投票人不合格
Law A formal objection to the inclusion of a prospective juror in a jury.
【法律】 宣布反对：正式对某位预期的陪审员列入陪审团表示异议
Immunology The induction or evaluation of an immune response in an organism by administration of a specific antigen to which it has been sensitized.
【免疫学】 激发：对某有机体注入使它敏感化的特定抗原以诱导或评价它的免疫反应
v.（动词）
chal.lenged,chal.leng.ing,chal.leng.es
v.tr.（及物动词）


To call to engage in a contest, fight, or competition:
挑战：提出挑战、竞赛或竞争：
例句：
challenged me to a game of chess.
以下棋向我挑战

To invite with defiance; dare:
公然挑战；公然反抗：
例句：
challenged him to contradict her.See Synonyms at defy
挑动他去反对她参见 defy

To take exception to; call into question; dispute:
表示异议；质疑；争议：
例句：
a book that challenges established beliefs.
对确定的信念表示异议的书籍

To order to halt and be identified, as by a sentry.
验明身份：（被哨兵）命令停止前进并查明身份
Law To take formal objection to (a prospective juror).
【法律】 提出反对：（对预期的陪审员）正式表示反对
To question the qualifications of (a voter) or validity of (a vote).
对（投票人的）资格或（选票的）有效性质疑
To have due claim to; call for:
正式要求；需要：
例句：
events that challenge our attention.
引起我们注意的事件

To summon to action, effort, or use; stimulate:
运用，激励：要求行动，努力去做，或发挥作用；激励：
例句：
a problem that challenges the imagination.
运用想象力的问题

Immunology To induce or evaluate an immune response in (an organism) by administering a specific antigen to which it has been sensitized.
【免疫学】 测试：对某有机体注入使它敏感化的特定抗原以诱导或评价它的免疫反应
v.intr.（不及物动词）
To make or give voice to a challenge.
回应挑战
To begin barking upon picking up the scent. Used of hunting dogs.
吠叫：猎犬嗅到兽迹时发出吠叫。用于猎狗

来源：
Middle English chalenge
中古英语 chalenge
from Old French
源自 古法语
from Latin calumnia [trickery, false accusation] * see calumny
源自 拉丁语 calumnia [耍花招，虚假指责] *参见 calumny
V., from Middle English chalengen
动词，源自 中古英语 chalengen
from Old French chalangier
源自 古法语 chalangier
from Latin calumni3ro
源自 拉丁语 calumni3ro
from calumnia [calumny]
源自 calumnia [诽谤]

【引伸】
chal.lengeable
adj.（形容词）