obstinate

a. 倔强的, 顽固的, 不让步的

名词:obstinateness 副词:obstinately 

ob.sti.nate

adj.（形容词）
Stubbornly adhering to an attitude, an opinion, or a course of action; obdurate.
固执的，顽固的：固执地坚持某种态度、观点或一系列的行为；执迷不悟的
Difficult to manage, control, or subdue; refractory.
难于控制的：难于管理、控制或压制的；顽皮的；倔强的
Difficult to alleviate or cure:
难医治的：难于减轻或治愈的：
例句：
an obstinate headache.
难以治愈的头痛


来源：
Middle English obstinat
中古英语 obstinat
from Latin obstin3tus [past participle of] obstin3re [to persist] * see st3-
源自 拉丁语 obstin3tus [] obstin3re的过去分词 [坚持] *参见 st3-

【引伸】
ob.stinately
adv.（副词）
ob.stinateness
n.（名词）
<参考词汇><同义词>obstinate,stubborn,headstrong,stiff-necked,bullheaded,pigheaded,mulish,dogged,pertinaciousThese adjectives are compared as they mean tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield.
对这些形容词进行比较，它们都表示固执地不情愿屈服的意义或具有此种特征。
Obstinate implies unreasonable rigidity,as in the face of argument, persuasion, entreaty, or attack:
Obstinate 暗含不合理的僵化，例如在面对争辩、劝说、恳求或袭击时：
例句：
.Mr. Quincy labored hard with the governor to obtain his assent, but he was obstinate. (Benjamin Franklin).
.昆西先生费了许多口舌以征得州长的同意，但州长固执己见. （本杰明·富兰克林）。

Stubborn pertains to innate, often perverse resoluteness or unyieldingness:
Stubborn 属于内心的，常为刚愎的决心或不屈服：
例句：
.She was very stubborn when her mind was made up. (Samuel Butler).One who isheadstrong is stubbornly, often recklessly willful:
.她一旦拿定主意，就非常固执. （塞缪尔·巴特勒）。一个headstrong 的人是固执的，常是缺乏考虑的意志坚定：

例句：
The headstrong young couple entered into a marriage doomed to failure.
这对固执的年轻人，结成了一桩注定要失败的婚姻。

Stiff-necked implies stubbornness combined with arrogance or aloofness:
Stiff-necked 暗示固执中含有高傲或疏远：
例句：
The stiff-necked old Brahmin returned to Boston.
那个固执的老布莱明回到了波士顿。

Bullheaded suggests foolish or irrational obstinacy,andpigheaded, stupid obstinacy:
Bullheaded 暗含愚蠢的或非理性的固执，和pigheaded 指愚蠢的固执：
例句：
Don`t be bullheaded; see a doctor.
不要固执，去看病吧。

例句：
.It`s a pity pious folks are so apt to be pigheaded. (Harriet Beecher Stowe).
.真遗憾，虔诚的人大多是固执的. （哈里特·比彻·斯特威）。

Mulish implies the obstinacy and intractability associated with a mule:
Mulish 暗含象骡子一样的固执和难以驾御：
例句：
.Obstinate is no word for it, for she is mulish. (Ouida).
.固执到无法形容，她太执拗了. （维达）。

Dogged emphasizes stubborn perseverance:
Dogged 暗指固执的坚持：
例句：
dogged persistence;
固执的坚持；

例句：
.two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder. (W.E.B. Du Bois).
.两种相对立的理想在这黑人心里，单是他这种固执的力量就足以使它免于被分开. (W.E.B.杜·波依斯）。

Pertinacious stresses a tenacity of purpose, opinion, or course of action that is sometimes viewed as vexatious:
Pertinacious 强调对于有时被看作令人讨厌的目的，观点或行为过程的坚持：
例句：
She is the most vocal and pertinacious of all the critics of the policy.
在所有的政策批评家中，她是陈词最多而且最为固执的。