rambunctious

a. 粗暴的, 难控制的, 喧闹的

名词:rambunctiousness 副词:rambunctiously 

ram.bunc.tious

adj.（形容词）
Boisterous and disorderly.
粗暴的，粗野的：狂乱且无秩序的

来源：
Probably alteration of robustious, rumbustious
可能为 robustious的变化, rumbustious
from robust
源自 robust

【引伸】
rambunc.tiously
adv.（副词）
rambunc.tiousness
n.（名词）
<注释>The origins oframbunctious are not clearly established, a situation that may be better understood after looking at the evidence.The development that is generally accepted is from the wordrobustious, derived fromrobust and first recorded in a work written before 548, torumbustious, first recorded in 778, to rambunctious, first recorded in 830, all three words having more or less the same meaning.But how didrobustious lead to rumbustious ô It has been suggested that the wordrumble played a part in this, although the wordrumbustion, meaning .the alcoholic beverage rum,. might also have been involved. The first form in whichrambunctious is recorded is rumbunctious, showing howrumbustious was involved in the alteration of robustious to rambunctious, but how the sound indicated bys became that indicated by nc or why the first u became a is a mystery.
Rambunctious 的词源并没有十分清楚地确定， 看一下证据就能更好地理解这一点。通常认为它的发展过程是源于robustious 这个词， 它来自robust 并最早记载于548年以前的一篇作品中， 至于rumbustious 则首次见载于778年， rumbunctious 的最早的文字记载是在830年， 这三个词的意思大致相同。但是robustious 怎样演变到 rumbustious 的呢ô 有人认为，rumble 这个词起了一定的作用， 尽管rumbustion 意为.含酒精饮料甜酒，.但可能也参与了其演变。 Rambunctious 有记载的最早形式是 rumbunctious ， 这表明了rumbustious 这个词如何参与了从 robustious 到 rambunctious 的演变， 但s 所代表的声音是如何变成 nc 所代表的声音的或为什么第一个 u 变成了 a 仍然还是谜